Institute of Anthropology, Gender & African Studies

N2: Candidates once admitted must register in all the prescribed courses in the

       Programme, and the registration must be approved by the Director of the

       Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies.

N3:-Candidates must attend all the scheduled lectures and do all the assigned

        coursework.

N4:-No candidate shall be presented for the award of the degree of Bachelor of

        Arts in Gender and Development until he/she has accumulated the total

        number of units required for that degree.

            N01  The general University of Nairobi entry requirements shall apply.

 N02   Subject to Regulation N01, candidates with the following qualifications shall be admitted to the Bachelor of Arts in Anthropology.

1. Those who have a minimum aggregate of C+ (C plus) in K.C.S..E. or those with the equivalent of a K.C.S.E. from an Institution recognized by the University of Nairobi Senate.
2. Those who have a minimum aggregate of C (C plain) in K.C.S.E. plus a Diploma from an Institution recognized by the University of Nairobi Senate.
3. Those with at least Division II with a credit pass in English in ‘O’ Level (E.A.C.E. or K.C.E.) plus a Diploma from an Institution recognized by the University of Nairobi Senate.
4. Those who have at least two (2) principal passes in ‘A’ Level (E.A.A.C.E. or K.A.C.E.) or its equivalent from an Institution recognized by the University of Nairobi Senate.
5. Those with a Degree from the University of Nairobi or from an Institution recognized by the University of Nairobi Senate.

N9:-  At the end of each semester, candidates shall be required to sit for a two hours examination

 N10:- A candidate shall not be permitted to sit for University examinations unless 

            he/she has attended lectures regularly throughout the semester and covered

             at least two thirds of the course.

N11:- Each course unit shall be graded out of one hundred percent (100%).

          Coursework assessment shall account for 30%, and the final examination

           70% of the total marks.

N12:- The pass mark for each course unit shall be 40%.

N13:- A candidate who fails an examination in any course shall be allowed to sit for a supplementary examination paper up to two times during the next regular University examinations after paying an appropriate examination fee.

N14:- When a candidate sits for a supplementary examination his/her grade shall be based entirely on the marks obtained in that exam.  Coursework marks shall NOT be taken into account.

N15:- A pass obtained in a supplementary exam shall account for only 40%.

N16:- A candidate who fails three core courses after two supplementary shall be        discontinued.

            N17:- To qualify for the award of the degree, a candidate must have studied for

                       and passed a minimum of 44 units, including all the core course.

Applicants who have undertaken equivalent undergraduate course units at other universities recognized by University of Nairobi Senate may, on recommendation of the Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies and approval of Senate, be allowed to transfer credits up to a maximum of one-third of the courses offered in the programme.  Students desiring to receive credit for any prior coursework will need to make a formal request to the Academic Registrar, University of Nairobi giving the following information:

• a list of the university of Nairobi courses for which the student is interested in getting credit;
• Official transcript indicating courses that may be equivalent and;
• Descriptions and syllabi/outlines of the courses in which the applicant is seeking transfer of credit.

The University of Nairobi, through the Institute of Anthropology, Gender and African Studies, reserves the right to administer an appropriate exemption examination in order to determine whether an exemption should be granted.  All those seeking to transfer credits will be required to pay an appropriate exemption fee.

Introduction To Gender Studies Description
.

The definition of gender and gender studies; concepts in gender category; the origin of gender studies; the evolution of thought in gender discourse; the

 distinction between gender and sex; ethnological survey of gender dynamic; globalization and gender; structural adjustment and gender roles and relations; gender roles and Vision 2030; gender issues in the constitution; reproductive health dynamics through gender lens; transgender characteristics and human rights; gender perspectives in African contexts.

Gender And Culture Description
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The terms culture, culture circle and cultural complex; trait, the specific and general meaning; the historical development and evolution of culture and gender discourse; theoretical and methodological approaches, principles, practices and problems of gender, culture and cultures; types and forms of cultures; the concept of cultural context, cultural drift, cultural invention, cultural revival, cultural diffusion, cultural selection, cultural change and development; the social and cultural constructions of gender in differing environmental settings; dissemination and consumption of cultural knowledge, gender, ethics and culture; the normative functional and processional models of gender and culture; cultures as adaptive systems: evolutionary, ecological and natural selection perspectives; materialism, evolution, cultural and human ecology, ideational theories of culture; cultures as cognitive, structural and symbolic systems.

Introduction To Anthropology Description
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Definition, aims and scope of Anthropology; major sub-fields of Anthropology and their branches:-cultural, physical, archaeology, linguistic, and applied; historical development of anthropology; anthropology and other disciplines; basic concepts in cultural, physical, archaeology, linguistic and applied anthropology; anthropology and business; role of anthropology in development; anthropology and contemporary issues; anthropologists and anthropology

Cultural Anthropology Description
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The concepts of culture: nature, manifestations and characteristics; paradigms in cultural anthropology; cultural evolution; economic adaptation and social forms: food getting systems and their impact on social forms; political organizations; social order and disorder: power and authority in Africa and the world; behaviour-control; formal and informal  sanctions; culture and personality in the world and local contexts; belief systems; religion, magic sacred and profane in the world and local contexts; issues in the contemporary world; social stratification and changes in the third world; peace and conflict; material culture: nature, manifestations and characteristics

Women And Democratization Process Description
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Concepts in democracy and democratization; democracy and democratization in a comparative and historical perspective; examination of regime types and various types of authoritarianism and republicanism; waves of democratization over the last two hundred years, disaggregating the concept of democracy and tracing the historical development of its specific elements: elections, secret ballots, accountability and checks and balances, and political and civil rights; conditions that foster or impede democracy: the nature of civil society and political culture; women's status, roles, and activities in the democratization process; various political systems and their impact on women's participation on political life and public policy; differential participation of men and women in the political process; gender and power relations in the democratization process; lenses of various fields: voter behavior, constitutional law, comparative politics, and international relations; examination of women as political actors: political party democracy, civil society, labour movements, grass root and national participation; the effect of notions of gender difference on women's access to and exercise of power in public decision making and government; prospects for democracy around the world.

Gender And Development Theory Description
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Basic concepts and definitions, theories and approaches; development discourse as it relates to gender issues and explanations to gender difference; development theory and development practice; Causes and concepts of underdevelopment; Modernization theory; Dependency theory; Political economy; Liberal and neoliberal theories; Post-modernism; Issues in development policy; how to identify and assess gender inequalities  in society , and how to use tools for gender analysis to assess policies , planning processes, projects , programmes and activities  from a gender perspective.

Introduction To Ethnology Description
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Definition and scope of ethnology; ethno-genesis, ethno-history, ethnography; ethnology and social anthropology; major concerns of ethnology: economy, political and social organizations, belief systems, material culture, language, art and crafts; similarities and differences in people’s culture and cultural change.

Gender And Sustainable Development Description
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The concept of sustainable development; strategies for  sustainable development; capacity development for gender planning; development process with a human face; gender participatory approaches to the development process; gender partnership and negotiations; gender initiatives in local development programme; governmental and non-governmental programmes and projects for sustainable development; affirmative action and sustainable development

Gender And Culture In African Societies Description
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Introduction to African society and culture from an historical, anthropological, and sociological perspective; differences and similarities among African peoples; past and present methods of studying African societies and problems of African ethnographic literature; cultural constructions, expressions and representations of masculinity and femininity in contemporary and historical African societies; changing forms of gender roles and relationships; analysis of modes of production and reproduction, sexuality, marriage, legal and educational systems in Africa;  gender-sensitive research tools and methods for deconstructing gender roles and relationships; international relations, African states, NGOs and local cultural conditions and their impact on gender inequities.

Gender And Agricultural Development Description
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Differential participation of men and women in subsistence farming, cash croproduction and livestock management and the reward systems associated with differenenterprises; changes in land tenure systems and land utilization patterns and their impact on gender roles and relations; land ownership patterns; food security issues intra-and inter-household food production and distribution patterns; impact of labor migration on agricultural production; the social value of women’s labor in subsistence agriculture; constraints faced by men and women in agricultural production; gender – responsive agricultural programmes and policies; gender issues in agricultural research; strategies for sustainable agricultural development.

Gender, Poverty And Sustainable Livelihoods Description
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Definition of poverty; the different ways in which men and women experience poverty; the influence of programmes and projects aimed at alleviating poverty;  Men’s, women’s, and children’s participation and benefits from such initiatives; the role of the state, the donors and other stakeholders in sustainable livelihoods; gender and sustainable human development in relation to knowledge/training developmental initiatives; women vs men group initiatives; community-based joint developmental initiatives; patterns of resource distribution by gender; the wider issue of poverty and the feminization of poverty as a political, economic and social problem as well as a developmental one; case studies.

Gender, Labour And Employment Description
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Labor market participation of men and women; gender stereotyping of professions in the formal and non-formal sectors. The opportunity gaps between men and women in remunerated work in the formal and informal sectors; the perceptions and practices which underpin those gaps.  Level of male and female participation in labor force and the formal – informal sector differential; maleness and femaleness in professional work; occupational specialization of men and women and its implications for gender equity; conflict between women’s domestic and market work; gender discrimination in labor market participation – (hiring practices and the promotion system); profile or the unemployed by gender; factors which influence labor market participation, particularly those which limit women’s employment opportunities; gender-sensitive employment policies and measures to empower men and women as equal partners in all professions;  Women in the informal sector

Gender, Leadership And Governance Description
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Definitions of governance and leadership; types of governance and leadership; the historical development of governance; role of men and women in governance and leadership: decision making, social control and administration of justice; theoretical and methodological approaches to the study of governance and leadership; causes and effects of poor governance; gender and governance in Kenya; strategies for improving governance and leadership: activism, movements, networking, lobbying, and mass action; governance and administration of justice for men, women and children of all ages; gender, governance, accountability and transparency; good and bad governance and indicators.

Comparative Ethnography Description
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Difference between ethnography and ethnology; comparison of the ethnographies of selected peoples from major cultural and geographical regions of the world; distribution of cultural traits; comparative palaeoethnology: comparison of ethnogeneses and ethnohistories of the main peoples of major cultural and geographical regions of the world. Comparisons of modes of production—hunting and gathering, pastoral, agricultural and industrial; comparison of material culture belief systems of main peoples of major cultural groups in the world; impact of culture change and development of various groups of people.

Gender, Sex And Society Description
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Biological fact of sex is transformed into a system of gender stratification; a sociological and anthropological analysis of the status of women cross-culturally; historical development of gender and sexuality theories from the turn of the last century to the present; expectations of gender;  psychological gender differences; role of culture and socialization play in determining women's interaction patterns and society's response to them; understanding genders and sexualities through a variety of case studies; gendered institutions – education, family, marriage, science and division of labour; gendered body and transgender.

Gender, Shelter And Homelessness Description
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The meaning of shelter, homelessness, housing, architecture and the built environment of shelter and the inbuilt environment; theoretical and methodological Issues; a comparison of the theoretical approaches; the types of shelters and but environment: Traditional and modern shelters in different environments and cultures; materials and typology of shelters: Local, regional, national and international comparisons; gender division of labour and shelter; gender, residential, settlement patterns and shelter; social cultural, economic and political significance of shelter; aesthetic; functional and symbolic realms of shelter; technology and cultural ideologies of shelter; new technologies and shelter; shelter; economic growth and national development; shelter urbanization and industrial development, shelter, project design, planning; implementation and sustainability; shelter protection degradation and desertification; causes of homelessness; gender dimensions of homelessness; cultural change and homelessness; street children and Street families; the magnitude of homelessness in Kenya; sustainable action against homelessness; case studies in Kenya.

Gender, Politics And Democracy Description
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Definition of concepts: politics, democracy; the role of men and women in pre-colonial, colonial and post colonial politics; gender roles in the independence movements; levels of political participation; macro and micro politics; formal and informal political participation; the interaction between economic power and political influence; women and men as voters; men and women in elective and appointive offices; women in multi-party politics; women and men in decision-making positions.  Power and powerlessness in political process; informal political participation; factors influencing gender disparity in political participation; case Studies

No Course Description Available!

Gender And Environmental Management Description
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The definition of concepts: environmental management, sustainability, sustainable management of natural environment and resources, environmental assessment, natural resources, ecology and environment; types of natural resources; pitfalls and tragedies in the environmental management of local, regional national and international global commons; the goals of environmental assessment and management; contending themes and methodological approaches in environmental management; the status and directions of environmental management studies today and the next millennium; the role of women and men in environmental management; the principles of development and social justice in environmental management; integrated physical, social, economic and environmental planning and management; project planning; design, implementation and environmental degradation; gender and the conservation of the forest ecosystem; gender and the conservation of water resources; gender and the conservation of soil fertility; the role of women in maintaining a clean home environment; gender and the conservation of the beach environments; gender and sustainable management in the context of project planning; design and implementation; future directions for sustainable environmental management; modern technology and environmental development.

Gender Technology And Information System Description
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Definition of technology and types of technologies; theoretical and methodological approaches to technology: Development of technology and technologies under different social information and economic needs; appropriate technology and intermediate technology versus high technology in such fields as agriculture and commerce; capital and labour intensive technologies; women’s  and men’s access to and control of technology; elements of technology; tolls, resource uses, techniques (skills), tasks and activities involved in the organization of labour and patterns of warfare Gender bias in technology transfer; social,  cultural economic and political factors in gender and technology; gender in relation to race, class, nationality, culture, religion, and sexuality in the context of technological innovations; fundamental concepts, the feminist critique of techno-science, and the impact of gender issues on workplace inclusiveness and equity, in a transnational and historical perspectives; the effects of gender on the development and use of information technologies, gender-based electronic information preferences; information systems policy development in organizations; gender concerns and conflicts related to information technology, information access and dissemination, freedom of information, copyright, intellectual property rights and responsibilities, privacy, filtering and information security and computer crime; legal, political, social and ethical issues and how they contribute to policy development

Theoretical Perspectives In Gender Studies Description
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Theoretical and conceptual approaches to gender issues in the context of development; different perspectives on growth, inequality and poverty; cultural, social and economic theories of development; current development approaches and initiatives; key concepts in the analysis of social relations between men and women in different cultural, social, economic and political contexts; feminist perspectives; gender perspective; post-modernism; gender planning and policy analysis framework; the emergence of Women in Development (WID), Women and Development (WAD) and Gender and Development (GAD) paradigms.

Gender Based Violence Description
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Concept of gender violence; types of gender violence – physical, sexual and psychological violence which cut across lines of income, gender, class and culture; the relationship between acts or threats of gender violence and gender inequality; causes and consequences of gender violence; the context of gender violence – family, workplace, community and society; vulnerability to gender violence; domestic violence; violence against women and men; case studies; sustainable measures to combat gender violence.

Gender And Communication Description
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Definition of communication, mode of communication; speech, linguistics and language.  Theoretical and methodological approaches to communication; speech, language communities and their identification in the world; communication competence and socio-linguistic variables; gender and interpersonal communication; gender communication differences; gender and communication in the  workplace; gender, power and communication in human relations; male and female nonverbal behaviour; health communication and gender; portrayal of women in  literature; gender access to and use of modern communication equipment; traditional methods of communicating gender-sensitive information.

Gender, Technology And Information Systems Description
.

Definition of technology and types of technologies; theoretical and methodological approaches to technology: Development of technology and technologies under different social information and economic needs; appropriate technology and intermediate technology versus high technology in such fields as agriculture and commerce; capital and labour intensive technologies; women’s  and men’s access to and control of technology; elements of technology; tolls, resource uses, techniques (skills), tasks and activities involved in the organization of labour and patterns of warfare Gender bias in technology transfer; social,  cultural economic and political factors in gender and technology; gender in relation to race, class, nationality, culture, religion, and sexuality in the context of technological innovations; fundamental concepts, the feminist critique of techno-science, and the impact of gender issues on workplace inclusiveness and equity, in a transnational and historical perspectives; the effects of gender on the development and use of information technologies, gender-based electronic information preferences; information systems policy development in organizations; gender concerns and conflicts related to information technology, information access and dissemination, freedom of information, copyright, intellectual property rights and responsibilities, privacy, filtering and information security and computer crime; legal, political, social and ethical issues and how they contribute to policy development

Gender Planning And Policy Description
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Definition of concepts in gender planning and policy-making; current debates on gender policy in the shifting boundaries of the public and private; gender planning methodologies; theoretical issues related to gender planning; practical and strategic gender needs; empowerment; de-centrized planning, gender policy statements, gender policy concepts; gender policy reviews, and gender responsive planning and actions; gender analysis frameworks that have been applied in policy and the various understandings of ‘gender’, ‘social’ and ‘justice’ they convey; formulation and/or evaluation of a gender policy based on a well-defended ethical ground.

Women’s Development Organizations In A Changing World Description
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The history of women’s organizations; the growth and significance of women’s liberation movement; The sources of social and political strain; comparisons between “women’s rights” organizations and “women’s liberation groups”, types of women’s organizations; poverty – and equity – oriented women’s organizations; the role of women’s organizations; women groups; the history of women groups; types and objectives of women groups; How women mobilize and organize themselves for empowerment; the concept of empowerment, achievements of women groups and organizations. Income-generating projects; self-reliance and self-determination; challenges faced by the groups and organizations; women’s leadership and organizational skills; the role of NGOs in women’s organizations; gender-responsive strategies for the expansion of economic choices for the poor through direct, productive and micro-level interventions.

Gender And Reproductive Health Description
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The concept of reproductive health; age at first birth; child bearing roles; maternal morbidity; use of contraceptives; female and male – based contraceptives; safe motherhood issues; quality of care issues in the provision of reproductive health care services; major issues in women’s and man’s reproductive health; nutrition; substance abuse; mental health; violence against women; response to reproductive issues; factors influencing reproductive health; an integrated approach to reproductive health; male involvement in reproductive health.

Gender And Media Description
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What is news; gender analysis of media reports; participation of men and women in mainstream media; gender roles and the decision-making process in the media; media portrayal of men and women and gender stereotypes; the traditional role of the media; the changing role of the media in a multi-party democracy; communication as a tool for development; ownership and control of the media; media violence against men and women; advertisements and consumerism; gender bias in commercials.

Research Methods In Gender Description
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What is news; gender analysis of media reports; participation of men and women in mainstream media; gender roles and the decision-making process in the media; media portrayal of men and women and gender stereotypes; the traditional role of the media; the changing role of the media in a multi-party democracy; communication as a tool for development; ownership and control of the media; media violence against men and women; advertisements and consumerism; gender bias in commercials.

Gender And Livestock Description
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Different livestock systems; livestock and livelihoods; multiple roles of livestock in livelihoods especially of the poor; household food security and livelihoods; Intra-and inter-household dynamics in different livestock systems; division of labour in livestock production systems; inequalities in production systems and means of production; gender ownership and benefit of assets; access to and use of assets, technologies and services; gender and livestock value chains; gender and environmental impacts of livestock production. Gender and livestock systems in transition: livestock-related interventions; commercialization and its impacts; emerging issue e.g zoonotic and emerging infectious diseases, challenges in livestock production; policies and strategies in livestock production

Gender In The Third World Description
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The meaning of male, female, men, woman, manhood, womanhood, maleness and femaleness in the socio-cultural construction of third world cultures; history and background studies of men and women in the Third World; theoretical and methodological approaches in studies of third world societies; comparison and rationale of the various approaches; gender, matrilineality, patriarchy, matriarchy, maternity and paternity; the sexist mythological dimensions of the third world cultures; the legitimacy of third world social, cultural, economic and political order: the ideology, nature, structure, control and dimension of institutionalized forms of gender discrimination and stereotyping; gender and differential practices in the third world; gender and third world perceptions of household and family head ships; comparison between third world and social science conceptions of strategic and practical gender needs; indigenous relations and roles between males and females in third world countries; gender, the development process, economic growth inflation and third world indebtedness case studies.